Concepts of Communication in Parent Child Relationships Essay -- Commu

â€Å"Communication is the key† is a quote that is often repeated. In every single relationship communication is essential. Especially among parents and children. Communication between parent and child has always been important. Today, however, there is an even greater focus, especially in light of all the things children face at school and in everyday life. Without a parent knowing what is going on in the life and mind of their child, it is hard to really understand what they are going through. Communication is the starting point of understanding. Children learn communication from their parents. Communication is not something that can be studied; it is something that people have to learn by doing. As a parent, good communication needs to be emphasized as they are talking and listening to the child. A child can tell when a parent is not really listening to them, and this can create a big problem in the relationship. Children who feel misunderstood or feel like they aren’t being listened to will start to hold their feelings inside. This is the exact opposite of what good communication should be. Good communication is not merely talking; it is being with someone and relating that nothing else is more important at that time. So many times parents are doing three or four tasks while their child is trying to communicate something to them. They may not even look up from the recipe or newspaper they are trying to read, as the child is desperately trying to get their attention. This displays a lack of interest in the child or what they are trying to convey to the parent. Lack of interest is one thing that will keep families from communicating. When someone doesn’t feel worthy enough of attention, they will stop sharing all together. When children stop sharing with their parents, they go to places and people that will show them attention. This can lead to trouble. The child may look for other avenues of acceptance, which could be negative influences. This could easily be avoided if only the parent had shown an interest in the child’s life. Part of effective commun ication with your children is being aware of their whereabouts. A child who is unsupervised or who has a parent that doesn’t show an interest in her activities, is likely to shut down and internalize her feelings (Beers, 1987). Parents also need to be aware of what is going on in a child’s life. Th... ...hout their lives. in order to have a society of good communicators, it needs to start in the home. Parents need to start communicating with their children and need to show them how to communicate with others. This is a skill that will be valued all throughout life and is something that shouldn’t be ignored. The skill of communication will be valued in every relationship throughout life. It is a necessity. References Beers, V.G. (1987). Parents and Children: Increasing Family Communication. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers. Cushman, D.P. & Cahn, D.D. (1985). Communication in Interpersonal Relationships. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. Foxhall, K. (2000). Parent and Child Communication. Monitor on Psychology. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on February 18, 2005: http://www.apa.org/monitor/may00/communication.html Gurman, A. & Kniskern, D. (1991). Handbook of Family Therapy Vol. II. Bristol PA: Brunner/Mazel. Author's name omitted by request. (2001). Parent child communication: how to communicate effectively. Retrieved from the World Wide Web on February 19, 2005: http://www.allsands.com/Kids/Teenagers/parentchildco_stj_gn.htm

The Barriers to Effective Communication

â€Å"A barrier to communication is something that keeps meanings from meeting. Meaning barriers exist between all people, making communication much more difficult than most people seem to realize. It is false to assume that if one can talk he can communicate† (Windle & Warren, nd). Communication is a process by which information is transmitted from one person (sender) to another (receiver).Before the message reaches the receiver, errors in transmission occur. It is estimated by psychologists that in every communication, there is approximately 40-60% meaning loss (Jenkins, 2007).It is therefore essential to know the various barriers that cause communication breakdown and possibly try to minimize these errors if we are to make our communication more meaningful. The core barriers The greatest barrier towards communicating effectively is stereotyping. This preconception on another person makes one view the other’s communication with a lot of prejudice. There is a tendency to wrongly hold a person’s views. There are stereotypes in all walks of life such as religion, gender and race.In racial stereotyping for example, a person’s believe to be more knowledgeable than the other because of skin color makes him or her disregard the other’s communication. This eventually breaks down the communication (OPPapers, 2010). There are a number of people who tend to assume that the people they are talking to know their thoughts. Such misjudgments are very dangerous to communication. An article by Effective-communicating, The importance of effective communication states that, â€Å"When you assume, you make an ‘ass’ out of ‘u’ and ‘me’ (Effective Communicating, 2008).Insufficient knowledge on the specific subject of communication can lead to errors on communication. If the person sending the message falls short of words in the information to be transmitted, the receiver is exposed to an unclear message tha t is mixed-up. On the other hand, the receiver may fail to understand information that is beyond his or her knowledge. It may be very hard for a teacher to understand scientific terms used by a scientist in any form of communication (College of Marin, nd). In relation to knowledge, language can pose a great danger to communication.There are many languages as people are from different backgrounds. Use of a language that the recipient does not understand will not pass the message. The different dialects and accents also create barriers. There may exist semantic gaps where words have same pronunciation but with a multiple of meanings. Some people tend to use inappropriate words in specific contexts and difficult vocabularies. The receiver will not be mesmerized but will be left in total confusion (Jain, 2010). Information overload is another barrier towards effective communication. A message that is too crowded with words tends to be misunderstood.Receivers tend to create barriers unde r these circumstances. A lecturer from collage of Marine on Barriers to effective communication advises that, â€Å"If you are selling an item with twenty five terrific features, pick two or three important features to emphasize instead of overwhelming your receiver (ho-hum) with an information avalanche. † (College of Marin, nd). Emotional interference leads to misunderstandings in communication. A person who is overexcited, angry, fearful, hostile, or resentful may be very much emotionally preoccupied to give or receive the right message.In case of dislike, ‘hearing’ will be a great problem. Emotional distractions create interference with creation, transmission and reception (College of Marin, nd). Emotions if given a chance will show up always and they become a barrier when they make people get overwhelmed (People Communicating, 2009). Physical distractions occur amidst communication. A noisy environment or a bad telephone line disrupts the receiver of the mes sage from hearing. Distractions are also possible with written messages especially when it is poorly formatted, has spelling errors and grammatical deficits.The physical appearance of the message will be too unprofessional and sloppy. The receiver’s concentration to such messages will be put off. Bright lights especially when one is using a computer can distract the receiver in getting the correct message (College of Marin, nd). Physical barriers can also be created by the geographical location. For example, at a workplace, employees in different quarters will have difficulty in communicating effectively (Margaritasmith, 2009). The sender may lack the basic communication skills.The receiver will greatly be affected in the interpretation of the intended message when the sender is faced with a problem in choosing the words needed and arranging them in a comprehensive manner. Others tend to rehearse on what they will say especially after scrutinizing who the speaker is. For inst ance, many students who lack good communication skills will first rehearse on what to say before meeting a teacher. On the other side of the coin, there are a great deal of receivers who have poor listening and reading skills. They have trouble in hearing and in the interpretation of messages (College of Marin, nd).Personal lack of interest can pose a great threat to communication. A person who is disinterested will carelessly listen or hurriedly read the sent message, misinterpreting the intentions of the sender. Failure of the sender to recognize the needs and the status of the receiver affects communication also. The sender should therefore prepare a message with the trait of the receiver in mind. The medicine of an angry customer is listening to his complains for some time (College of Marin, nd). Inappropriate channel also leads to breakdown in communication.For example, giving detailed procedures over the phone may be quite frustrating on the side of the decoder. A patient for instance, may choose to call a doctor to seek treatment. It would be illogical for the doctor to prescribe any treatment without a face to face encounter with the patient. The chain of communication may also affect the message; the greater the chain of communication, the higher the probability of its misinterpretation. For instance, if a sender uses a ten people chain to rely the message to the receiver, there is no doubt that the recipient will get a completely distorted message (College of Marin, nd).A very long communication chain and a poor medium selected can break up the communication (Jain, 2010). Communication is two way. The sender must get feedback from the recipient. In conversations for instance, there must be turn-taking. If the sender does not give the recipient time to respond or ask questions, he or she may pretend to understand what the sender is saying. It is also important for the sender to interpret the receiver’s non-verbal cues as they carry a lot of mea ning in any given communication. Failure to do so may cause ineffectiveness in communication (College of Marin, nd).Effective communicators, as Boulden spells out in his book, communicating for success: The seven keys of effective communication â€Å"†¦work into building relationships by asking questions and listening to the answers to gain information and use this process to reach consensus† (Boulden, 2009) Other barriers that affect communication include socio-cultural diversities such as age, gender, social status, educational level, economic status, cultural background, and religion.They as well affect communication (Jain, 2010). In different cultures for instance certain gestures are interpreted differently and therefore communication can be misunderstood (Ueeka, 2009). Conclusion Barriers of communication seem to be part of our lives. However careful we are in our communications errors in communication will always be felt. Some barriers are complex to deal with and may be beyond our capabilities.All that we need to do to alleviate this problem is to try and minimize our faults in communication.References Boulden, G. (2009). Communication for success: The seven keys of effective communication.London: Ala International Publishing College of Marin. (nd).Lecture: barriers to effective communication. Retrieved from http://www. marin. edu/buscom/index_files/Page565. htm Effective Communicating. (2008). The importance of effective communication. Retrieved from http://www. effective-communicating. com/importance-of-effective-communication. html.Jain, R. (2010). The barriers to effective communication. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles. com/? The-Barriers-to-Effective-Communication&id=1210011 Jenkins, M. (2007). Barriers to effective communication at work. Retrieved from http://www. alliancetac. com/? PAGE_ID=265 OPPapers. (2010).Barriers to effective communication. Retrieved from http://www. oppapers. com/essays/Barriers-Effective-Communication/778 41? topic People Communicating. (2009). Barriers to effective communication. Retrieved from http://www. people-communicating. com/barriers-to-effective-communication. html.Margaritasmith. (2009). Barriers to effective communication- Effective communication- Document transcript. Retrieved from http://www. slideshare. net/margaritasmith/barriers-to-effective-communication-effective- communications Ueeka. (2009).Overcoming potential barriers in effective communication. Retrieved from http://www. ueeka. com/docs/overcoming-potential-barriers-effective-communication. html Windle, R. & Warren, S. (nd). Communication skills. Retrieved from http://www. directionservice. org/cadre/section4. cfm.

Drug Abuse in the Next Generation - 620 Words

The rise of narcotics and illegal drugs has a lot of mental effect to mostly the young generation. The future of this great nation depends entirely on the efforts of youth liberation from the dangers of drugs. Drugs have touched the circle closer to us all. Friend and brother begin to be ensnared by drugs which can often be deadly. As young generation, we should always think clearly to confront the globalization of technology and globalization that have a direct impact on families and youth of the nation in particular. We must fight drugs from now on. Drugs could have a positive impact when used in the appropriate dose, but could have a negative impact if not used according to the appropriate dose. I am very concerned about the abuse of this drug, and as youth, we have to crack down on drug abuse that is happening around us and making a difference. Drug abuse growing among the public may be due to the imbalance of economic problems, especially currently, Indonesian teenagers often drink alcohol or consume illegal drugs. In addition, the lack of attention from family, lack of spiritual cleansing, and maybe because of the influence from their friends, desire of trying something new are the causes of drug abuse that occur. Drug itself can be defined as substances or drugs derived from plants or other materials that can cause changes in consciousness, loss of pain. Drug itself can lead to dependence if used continuously. Drugs if taken by someone can cause addiction and if itShow MoreRelatedDrug Abuse Is A Problem Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesDrug abuse is a big problem and there are solutions, but everyone has to work together to achieve them. A possible solution might be to educate the different groups of drug users about the effects of drug abuse. 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Tribal courts across the state attempt to resolve these problems by establishing an array of different rules and regulations to help protect theRead MoreUnderage Alcohol At A Young Age : The Peak Of Growth And Self Discovery1165 Words   |  5 Pagesboundaries. Because of this, most teens turn to experimentation with drugs or alcohol out of curiosity and when looking for a new way to have fun. Just think, teenagers are too old for games and too young for adult activities and responsibilities. Slurring words or acting in an altered way can provide entertainment for many teens. According to the Teen Rehab Center, 68% of high school seniors have tried alcohol at some point (â€Å"Drug †). Drinking alcohol at a young age can be detrimental. For example

Racial Ethnic Differences Of Offending, Victimization, And...

Q1.The racial/ethnic differences in offending, victimization, and incarceration? Minorities, particularly African Americans, are generally overrepresented in the criminal justice system both as offenders and as victims. According to the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) for 2003, African Americans (who were 12.7 percent of the population in 2003) were arrested for 37 percent of violent crimes (murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault) and 29 percent of property crime (102:288). African Americans are disproportionately arrested for violent crimes and whites for burglaries and property crimes. Although most crime is committed by males, black women are also disproportionately involved in the criminal justice system. The rate of black women under control of the criminal justice system is growing faster than for any other group, including black men and white men (86:136). Blacks are victims of serious violent crimes at far higher rates than whites. In 2002, blacks were 6 times more likely to be murdered than whites; and although homicide levels have declined for all groups over the past decade, during the 1976 to 2002 period, rates were disproportionately high for African Americans at 47 percent of victims (28 Native Americans also have disproportionately high rates of criminal offending and victimization. Arrest data from the 2003 UCR indicate that American Indian or Alaskan Natives, who were approximately 0.9 percent of the population inShow MoreRelatedEducation, Socioeconomic Status and Social Dilemmas: Three Criminal Theories 2617 Words   |  11 Pagesaddress the issues surrounding education, socioeconomic status and social dilemmas in respect to incarceration amongst juveniles. Specifically, the study intends to answer the following research questions: Does education, socioeconomic status and social dilemmas affect incarceration among Juveniles in America? How can education, socioeconomic status and social problems decrease the rate of incarceration among Juveniles in America? What are some environmental factors that predetermine criminal outcomeRead MoreJuvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act6750 Words   |  27 Pagesvalid court order (VCO) and Interstate Compact excepti ons (ACT 4 Juvenile Justice, 2014). Congress would also like to strengthen the Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) core protection by requiring States to take concrete steps to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in the juvenile justice system and provide safe and humane conditions of confinement for youth in State or local custody by prohibiting use of JJDPA funds for dangerous practices and encouraging States to adopt best practices andRead MoreFemale Criminality11608 Words   |  46 Pagesï » ¿Female Criminals Assignment Female Criminality consists of several outdated statistics regarding the rise of female offending. However, in viewing the current research on the subject, it appears that the overall theme of this dissertations discussion is still relevant despite changes in the accompanying statistics as seen in viewing the following topics: the rise in female offending; the continual rise that females are committing more crimes than men; and the types of crimes that women are committingRead MoreJuveniles in the Adult Justice System3336 Words   |  13 Pagestheir futures. This hypothesis is not a new notion. Literature reviews show that little has been done to understand the juvenile offender and the phenomenon of children becoming antisocial. There is very poor attention paid to the problem of victimization of children and young people, and research done on this issue has been very scarce. (Brown, 2005) The apathy to juveniles begins with criminologists who sought to define them in terms of abhorrence and failed to notice that young persons are basically

The Moral Principle Of Mortality - 942 Words

In regards to the Principle of Mortality â€Å"A reasonable moral principle, whether applied to acts or rules. How our behavior affects should be of moral concern to us. Moreover, we want our moral rules to make our society a good society, and it is hard to argue against the claim that a happy society is better than unhappy society†. Society often governs that way think by categorizing us with race, religion, ethnicity, but most importantly gender always separating us all in some way. Society is controlling the way we think not necessary are actions, they control the way we think in such a way we don’t even know we’re being controlled. By rewarding us when we conform to the rules, and penalizing us when we don t conform. Not allowing transgender students the right to facilitate locker rooms that correspond to their inner gender-identity is pure discrimination. if we aren t accepting and keeping are transgender students safe by accepting who they truly are by allo wing them to access bathrooms neither will engender students how they gonna accept them if we aren t setting a good examples school should be a place to learn about all types of things and make everyone feel comfortable and safe mostly important accepted for who they truly are. In order to make a society a good one we learn at very early age that we have to â€Å"go along to get along† this sounds so simple and yet at same time it’s such a exceptional influential mechanism that it’s practically inevitable. AfterShow MoreRelatedThe Principle Of Mortality : A Moral Principle961 Words   |  4 PagesThe Principle of Mortality â€Å" a responsible moral principle, whether applied to acts or rules. How our demeanor should be of moral concern to us. 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Industry Analysis for the Airline Industry Free Essays

An Industry in which I have a potential future interest for an entrepreneurial venture is the ever changing airline industry. Although facing tough numbers after the 9/11 attacks, I have always held an interest for this industry. There are several basic economic characteristics for this industry. We will write a custom essay sample on Industry Analysis for the Airline Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many opportunities, there are also many threats. The airline industry was heavily regulated by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) for close to 40 years. Eventually, Congress abandoned airline price and service regulation and disbanded the CAB. Since deregulation the airline industry has becoming increasingly competitive. This industry is also very large and important to the travel and tourism industry. This industry is also very important in developing new business strategies amongst different industries. Before working with any industry, you should take steps to analyze it. The two basic types of aviation are commercial aviation and general aviation. General aviation deals with operating you aircraft more for internal purposes. Commercial deals more with carrying passengers or cargo for hire. The scheduled airline industry is more of commercial aviation. The first scheduled airline service started in the 1920’s. There have been a lot of eventful history in this industry including periods of rapid growth and prosperity, rapid technological change, federal regulation of prices and routes, entry and exits of firms, bankruptcies, rivalries, financial losses, and problems in safety and security. However, the industry had become one of the most important factors of today’s transportation infrastructure. The table below displays how much the industry has grown over the years. Table 7. 1: Annual U. S. Passenger Enplanements by Scheduled Airlines, 1930-2004 (millions of persons) Source: Air Transport Association, Annual Operations, Traffic and Capacity, www. airlines. org/econ/d. aspx? nid=1032 There are many rivalries in the air line industry. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) divides the firms in the airline industry into three categories. Group 3 consists of airlines that gain at least $1 billion in annual revenue. National, or Group 2, are those who gain between $100 million and $1 billion in annual revenue. The last group is Regional, or Group 1, which gains less than $100 million in annual revenue. In Group 3, United, American, and Delta holds the top 3 spots in revenue, revenue passenger miles, and available seat miles. Porter’s five forces is by far the most influential in business strategy. It analyzes business segments and developing entry/exit/investment plans. Below is a model of Porter’s five forces for American Airlines, one of the most dominant companies of the airline industry. How to cite Industry Analysis for the Airline Industry, Papers

Nursing Practice and Decision Making 1 – Depression & Anxiety Scenar

Questions: Mary is 56 and has a diagnosis of severe depression and anxiety Present situation: Mary is currently in hospital informally. Mary is very low in mood, spends most of hertime standing in the ward corridor and speaking in hushed tones. She is refusing to eat and complaining of constipation. During the shift she regularly comes to the office saying she cant breathe and her chest hurts. The husband visits daily, bringing fresh clothes, her favourite foods and puzzle books in the hope these will help. Personal and social history: Mary is retired medical secretary. She retired on medical grounds following an extended admission to hospital 5 years ago. She is married with no children. Her husband, Clive, is very supportive and continues to work as a part time school teacher. Mary has always considered herself to be the depressive type and said she was always unhappy even as a child. She found work a useful coping strategy and rarely required more support than what the GP offered. Medical and Psychiatric History Mary was first diagnosed with depression in her 20s. This will be the 4th admission since retiring. Ulcerative Colitis Medication: Antidepressants under review due to constipation Zopiclone 7.5mg PRN nocte Senna PRN Briefly describe the purpose of the assignment with clearly stated aims and objectives. o Explain how these aims/objectives will be addressed o A brief background to include; o Brief discussion of the theory of decision making. o Explain the significance and importance of this topic to nursing practice and/or your development as a student nurse (rationale) o Set the scene for the case-study and offer a rationale offering evidence regarding the significance of the chosen case-study. o Present a short summary highlighting the important points of the case study (if choosing a patient from practice, include more detailed information as an appendix. Remember to maintain patient confidentiality and remove any identifiable information throughout). o The main body of the work should demonstrate an understanding of clinical reasoning and decision making processes applied to the following themes; Answers: IDENTIFIED NEEDS ACTION 1 Mary is experiencing low mood 1 Mary to manage low mood and develop skills to manage her mood 2 Mary is anxious 2 Enable Mary to remain stress free and less anxious 3 Her retirement from work has increased the episodes of depression 3 Encourage Mary to indulge in things that keep her busy and away from the negative thoughts 4 Marys husband Clive needs support to understand her state of mind so that he could assist Mary to reduce stress and develop coping strategies 4 Clive to have resources with which he can support Mary and help in strengthening her resilience. 5 Mary is hopeless about her getting well 5 Make Mary understand that her condition can be improved if she increases her will power 6 Mary is suffering from chest pain 6 Know the medical history of cardiac related problems and other health problems and proceed for ST elevation. 7 Mary is suffering from constipation 7 To prescribe medicine to Mary that will help in regulating the motion and ensure a change in her diet 8 Mary has ulcerative colitis and an abdominal mass has also been diagnosed. 8 To confirm the presence of abdominal mass through ultrasound and prescribe drugs and medications to dissolve the mass. Ulcerative colitis can also lead to cancer and therefore its correct diagnosis followed by management is to be sought. Problem statement Ineffective coping related to the present condition of the patient i.e. depression and feeling of hopelessness such that the patient has started feeling depressed and is unsure about the future, whether she will live or not (Ghazaleh, R. 2004). Objective Goals Short Term Goals- Remission of the patient and not confusing remission with substantial but incomplete improvement, conserving remission state and preventing relapse Long term goals- Protecting the patient against the recurring episodes of depression (MHC 2012) Intervention and rationale The intervention of inducing remission (acute phase), followed by preservation of remission (Continuation phase) and then protection of the patient from the recurring episodes of depression (maintenance phase). The most effective therapeutic approach is the use of medication in form of antidepressants. Rationale: The role of anti depressants in treating depression is positive. Although they have certain side effects associated with them, still their use helps in relieving stress and anxiety to a considerable level (MHC 2012). Evaluation The evaluation will be done after conclusion of every phase of treatment. Acute phase: Follow up should be scheduled within 2 weeks of initiating the treatment and the follow up should be continued every 2 weeks till some improvement is seen Continuation Phase: Medications to be continued till 16-20th week Maintenance phase: Should be done in case of no improvement even after continuation phase (MHC 2012). Essay Plan Introduction The essay will define depression, its prevalence and relation with anxiety and stress. Description A short but detailed description of the case study, highlighting the physical, behavioral and emotional features of the patient Main Body This section will deal with the practice of clinical decision making and assessment of the clinical condition of the patient. The needs of the patient will be identified and a proper action will be recommended based on the guidelines set by NICE and the corresponding rationale will be provided. The second paragraph will deal with the interpretation of the and response to the assessment including appropriate symptom management and a plan of on-going care. You must consider any signs of actual or potential deterioration of physical and/or mental health. Conclusion This last section will highlight the patients critical clinical condition, the prescribed treatments and recommendations followed by the evaluation of the case study. References Ghazaleh, R. 2004, Major Depression, Depression care plan guidelines, Peters institute of Pharmaceutical care. Mental Health Commission (MHC), 2012, Guidance Document on Individual Care Planning Mental Health Services.